Ca lculatlng device



0. M. KILE.

CALCULATING DEVICE, APPLlcAloM msn MAR. 21. ma

Patented May 27, 1919.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

onvInLn MEnToN mns, or BALTIMORE, MARYLAND. camz-marmo nnvrcn.

Application fried March 27, 1918.

To all `whom t may concer-a i Be it known that l, (lnvinnn M. Kinn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Calculating' Devices, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for determining proportions of various substances in compoundsand mixtures wherein a given ratio will be secured and indicated in reference to two variable properties or characteristics of the ingredients together with the quantities or amounts of the ingredients, while at the same time permitting, at any stage of the operation, substitution of other ingredients and variation of the relative amounts of the individual ingredients of the proposed mixture or compound.

The object of the invention is to provide a simple, practical and eliicient calculating device, of strong, durable and comparatively inexpensive construction equipped with ingredient scales and lneans for indicating the variable properties or characteristics o the ingredients,y actuated by mechanism con trolled by pointers movable over the ingredient scales for indicating the number and amount of the ingredients and the sum of their variable properites or characteristics, whereby the desired amounts and proportions of the two characteristics or properties and approximately the desired amounts and proportions of the various constituents o1' the proposed mixture may be obtained.

It is also an object of the invention to provide an adjustable table associated with the indicating devices and adapted to bring into convenient position with relation to exposed portions of the indicating `devices any of its items of contents so that the variables maybe made to correspond to the workings of the adjustable table to produce a variety of compounds or mixtures for various condi tions and purposes with accuracy andease.

The invention consists generally in reducing the two desiredproperties or character stics found' in the given or possible constituents to two sets of scales, one set evaluated into spaces according to the relative amounts of one characteristic of the ingredients `and the other set of scales evaluated accordin to the amounts of the other characteristi-co the same ingredients, and in also providing separate connected indicating means vfor reg- Specification` of Letters lfaent.

Patented May 27, 1919.

serial No. suecos.

istering the amounts of the two character ist/ics of the constituents, and associated in such away as to readily indicate the desired ratio of the same in the proposed mixture.

The invention also consists in the novel construction, combination and arrangement of the parts of thecalculatin device, hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanaying drawings and pointed out in the claims hereto appended, it being understood that various changes in the form, proportion and minor details of construction. within the scope of the claims may be resorted to without dcpartin Jfrom the spirit or sacrificing any of the aY vantages of the invention.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is an elevation o1 a calculating device constructed in accordance with this invention Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same;

Fi 3 is a transverse sectional View on the lme 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a similar view on the line ft- 4 of 2.

Fig'. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a portion of the device illustrating another form of operating means.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the calculatin device.

Li (e numerals of reference designato corresponding parts in the several figures ot the drawing.

In the accompanying drawing in which is illustrated the preferred form of calculator, 1 designates a cylindrical casing constructed of any suitable material and having end walls 2, supporting a central longitudinal shaft or axle 3 u onwhich are mounted hollow shafts or s eeves 4 and 5 carrying at their inner ends rotary indicator drums 6 and 7 and having mounted` on them at their outer portions toothed wheels 8 and 9. The drums G and `ri', the wheels 8 and 9 arexed to the sleeves 4 and 5 but, any other Asuitable means may be employed for transmitting motion from the wheels 8 and 9 to the drums y and 7. The drurns and 'tare provided with graduated rims 10 and 11, the graduations 12 and 13 bein consecutively numbered and` a portion of t e drums 6 and l7 being ex posed at a sight opening 14 in the front of the casing 1.

The toothed wheels 8 and 9 which are spaced apart, are actuated by operating levers 15 and 16 fulcrumed intermediate of their ends on the sleeves -i and 5 and provided with openings 17. The inner ends of the levers are provided with laterally projecting dogs 18 adapted to .engage the teeth of the wheels 8 and 9 and normally maintained out of engagement with the same by springs 19 located in the openings 17 and disposed on rods or stems 20 and interposed between shoes 21 of the rods or stems 2U and the inner end walls of the openings 17. The rods or stems 20 are slidably mounted in the levers, which are provided atl their outer portions with laterally projectmg pointers 22 to cooperate with scales 23 and 24 located adjacent to arcuate slots 25 and 26 formed in the front of the cylindrical casing 1 and through which the operating levers 15 and 16 project. The levers 15 and 16 have `projecting heads 25' and the pointers 22 are tapered inwardly at 27 to engage notches located at the sides of the scales 23 and 24 and corresponding to the graduations thereof so that the levers may be accurately positioned along the scales at the end portions of the casing. The springs maintain the levers in engagement with the scale notches and when it is desired to adjust a lever it 1s drawn outwardly grasping its projecting head and its outward movement disengages its outer portion from the engaged scale notch and carries its lug or tooth 1S into engagement with the coacting toothed Wheel and when the lever is oscillated the toothed wheel and the sleeve, upon which it is mounted is partially rotated together with the indicating drum carried by the sleeve to add or subtract according to the direction of movement of the lever. The levers may be independently adjusted and when one of the levers at one end of the casing is adjusted for changing the indication on the drum of the characteristic controlled by it, the `corresponding lever at the other end o f the casing is adjusted to effect a change 1n the other characteristic indicated on the other drum to preserve the ratio between the two indicated characteristics.

The drums are spaced apart at the center of the casing, and the shaft 3 which is fixed. has mounted on it Washers 29 forming collars and spaced apart to receive a rotary adjustable disk 30 and coiled springs 31 disposed on the shaft 3 and interposed between the washers 29 and the disk 30 to prevent accidental movement of the same and to thereby retain the disk in its adjustment. The disk constitutes the web of a Wheel or member having a transparent rim 32, which projects laterally over the periphery of the drums 6 and 7, the disk is of slightly greater diameter than the drums 6 and 7 and the transparent rim 32 is arranged close to the inner face of the casing and is of a width to extend beyond the ends of the opening 14 and it forms a window for the same capable of rotary adjustments to resent to view different ortions of its sur ace and table or ratio indications 33 carried by the same so that the indications on the drums may be made to correspond with any set of ratio indications on the rotary table carrying Wheel or member. The rotary transparent rim indicates properly balanced rations and is adapted to be rotated to bring such balanced rations into View as a guide to the setting of the indicator drums 6 and 7 in the making up of such a ration from the ingredients on hand.

The rim 32 is provided near one edge with spaced perforations 34 and the casing has a slot 35 at the back to permit a pin or other instrument to be introduced into the casing and engaged With a perforation of the rim for rotating the table-carrying Wheel or member to bring any portion of its rim 32 to the opening 14: of the casing to coperatc with the indicating drums, so that the ratio indicated on the drum by the same may be made to correspond With a ratio indication of the rim 32.

The calculator may be employed for obtaining various ratios of ingredients of various compounds or mixtures and when used for calculating a balanced dairy ration the operation Would be as followsz-The scales at the end portions of the casing are evaluated for listing the protein and thermal units of various common feed stuffs in pounds or other unit of Weight of such materials. The number' of the scales may be varied and for convenience they would be arranged for listing roughages and concentrates. In operation, several levers in the protein end of the casing would be moved and set at trial positions on the scales determined by the relative quantities and values of the different possible feeds that are available. The corresponding number of units of protein would be indicated on the indicator drum 7. The levers in the therms"7 end would then be set to correspond exactly to the same quantities of exactly the same feeds and the corresponding therms would likewise be indicated by the drum 6. These quantities would then be compared with the predetermined quantities, as printed on the adjustable transparent Window directly over the drum scales, and additions and subtractions would then be made by shifting the levers until the indicated units of protein and thern'ial energy would be identical With the predetermined required amounts. Gpportunity isstill offered for further substitution to reduce costs and the evaluated scales form an accurate guide for these possible substitutions. Whenever the drums 6 and 7 register the required number of units `the various grains or other feed stuff may be mixed in the quantities indicated by the pointers of the various levers or `according to the supply available.

of these two feeds.

in mutliples thereof and maintains the proportionate characteristics.

The rol ary table-carrying wheel or member enables the'calculator to be adjusted so as to ligure suitable rations or variations to suit any number of conditions, as for instance, large cows and small cows, heavy milliers and light milkers, cows on early Ispring pasture or on late summer pasture, or even change to rations for horses, sheep o1I any other kind of animal. Since the variations in each case means that the animal must have a total of a different number of units of protein and therme, all that is required is to mark the rotary Wheel or member with exactly the amounts of the two units required to meet the various conditions of feeding.

A farmer would have certain feeds on his farm such as corn, oats, clover or alfalfa hay, corn, silage, etc. He would expect to buy certain concentrated feeds like cotton seed meal, brewers grains or perhaps sonic commercial preparations. His problem is to use what feeds he has. buy the cheapest feed necessary to balance his ration and then mix the whole so 'is to have the right proportions of protein and thermal units. Certain general rules will accompany the calculator, as indicated in Fig. 6 of the drawing for instance, when a lever at one end is operated to add one characteristic of an ingredient, a lever at the opposite end of the calculator must be operated to add the other characteristic contained in such ingredient, the total amount of dry material fed to a cow must be not less than thirtyfive pounds and not more than forty-five pounds. Also the object would generally be to use as large a proportion of home produced feed as possible and simply balance up with the purchased feed, which is high in protein, the element generally lacking in home grown feeds. Another rule should state that not over six pounds of concentrates should be fed to an animal.

Suppose a farmer has silage to feed, also clover hay. He knows he mustget considerable of the bulk from these sources. He would then move down the levers for roughages on the extreme left, one representmg hay and the other silage until their combined weights amounted to about thirty pounds `using more or less of one or the otier hel corresponding: two levers on the extreme right would then be moved down to exactly the same positions or until they were opposite exactly the same number of pounds The movements-of these levers would cause movements of the indicator drums at the sight aperture 14 to register the amount of protein and thermal units respectively. The operator eouldsee at a glance that while he had reached high up toward the limit of total weight, yet the registered ingredients were still quite low. He would therefore put in some concentrate, probably corn and movedown two levers, one at each end, indicating the amount of corn.A Probably this will show that the registered thermal units have gone away up above the total amount required, while (he protein is still too low. The only thing to do is to take out some of the corn, moving the levers back, and put in a concentrate that runs high in protein. This the farmer usually has to buy and so can take his choice using the one that gives him the protein cheapest. Probably after adding enough of this purchased concentrate to bring the protein up to the required total, moving the proper levers, he finds he has too many thermal units or perhaps he has taken more than` the allowable six pounds of concentrated feed to get the correct register. This means that more roughages and less grain must be used and so the levers are shifted to make [he correction. Here is where the chance for skill and profit comes in. By making certain substitutions, perhaps money and feed can be saved.

Then the central indicating drums register the proper marked amounts, the right proportions for the health and highest production of the animal are obtained and the feed can be mixed accordingly. For convenience every ingredient would be multiplied by one hundred, and thus three pounds of corn would become three hundred pounds in the actual mixture. This mixed stock would'then be used to feed for weeks at a time and then could be remixed according to saine formula until prices changed or new feed had to be substituted.

In Fig. 5 of the drawing is illustrated a simpler form of operating means comprising an operating lever 3G fnlcrunied at its inner end 37 on the sleeve 38 adjacent the toothed wheel 39 and constructedof resilient material and normally engaging at its outer portion, notches or scrrations 40 formed in one of the side walls of the slot 41. The lever 36 which is equipped at its outer end with a pointer 42 is ada ted to be fiexed laterally and sprung out o engagement with the serrations-or notches and this lateral movement carries a tooth or pin43 into engagement with the toothed wheel 39. The lever is then adapted to be oscillated to partially rotate the toothed wheel and when the desired amount of movement has been imparted to the operating lever it will automatically spring'finto engagement with the notched or serrated edge of the slot and simultaneously disengage its pin or tooth 43from the wheel 39. The operating means illustrated inpFig. 5 may be constructed at l drawing it will be apparent that any equivalent operating means may be used for this pur ose.

hat I claim is:

l. The herein described method of determining the relative proportions of various substances to be mixed or compounded to produce a mixture wherein a given ratio will be secured in reference to tivo variables, which consists in arranging indicating means designating the ratio of the variables in the required mixture. and in successively adding or snbtractin the ratios of the two variables in a plurality of ingredients and varying the ingredients to provide a iiiixture corresponding with the ratio of the said indicating means.

2. An apparatus of the class described, inf-,hiding means for successively adding the ratios of variables contained in any ingredients ot a mixture, to ascertain the ratio of the variables of the mixture, for subtracting the ratios oi' the variables of ingredients to enable one ingredient to be sub stituted for another to produce a mixture having*|- a given ratio of the variables and :in adjustable indicating means having sets of corresponding ratios ot variables and adapted to be arranged to present a set oi ratios to forni a guide for making the said mixture.

3. In an apparatus for the purpose described, tlie combination of an outer casing, of substantially cylindrical form bearing near each end, one or more evaluated scales, one for one characteristic on the right hand and another for a second characteristic on the left hand, said casing having slots at the scales, a shaft or axle carried by and extending longitudinally of the cylinder, a plurality of levers pivoted on the shaft or axle and extending through the slots and having pointers movable over the scales, separate indicating means operated by the levers and a rotary device having a plie rality of sets of corresponding ratios oi' variables adapted to be adjusted to present a setK of ratios to :form a guide.

4. A calculator of the class described including a casing having evaluated scales, separate sets of operating devices having pointers moving over the scales, separate indicating means connected With and actuated by operating devices, and a rotary device having a plurality of sets of correv spending ratios of variables adapted to be adjusted to present a set of ratios to form a guide.

5. A calculator of the class described iiicluding a casing having a plurality of scales evaluated with reference to two variable characteristics, separate sets of operating means having ointers movable over the scales, separate indicating means connected with and actuated by the operating means tor registering the amounts of the charac teristics and a rotary device having a plurality of sets ot corresponding ratios of variables adapted to be adjusted to present a set of ratios to form a guide.

(i. The calculator of the class described, including a` casing having a plurality of scales evaluated with reference to tvvo vari able cliarzteristics`r separate operating niemliers having pointers movable over the scale. separate rotary indicating drums connected with and actuated by the levers for registering separate amounts oic characteristics t'oi indicating the ratios thereof, and a rotary cylindrical member provided with sets of corresponding ratio otf variables and` adapted to be adjusted to present a set of ratios to ioim a guide.

7. A calculator of the class described in l rluding a casing having a plurality of scales evaluated with reference to two variable characteristics, operating levers having pointers movable over the scales, rotary indicating drums connected with and actuv ated by the levers for registeringr the amounts ofthe eharaeteristies, and a rotary niember having a table carrying rim associated 'with the drums.

8. A calculator of the class described including a casing having a plurality of scales evaluated with reference to two variable characteristics, operating levers having pointers movable over the scales, rotary indicating drums connected with and aetnated by the levers for registering the amounts of the characteristics, and a rotary member having a transparent table carrying rim arranged over the drums and cooperating therewith.

9. A calculator of the class described including a casing having a plurality of scales evaluated with reference to tvvo variable characteristics, operating levers having pointers movable over the scales, rotary indicating drums connected with and actuated by the levers for registering the amounts of the characteristics, and a rotary member having a transparent table carrying rim arranged over the drums and coperating therewith, said casing having an opening at the front to expose a portion of the drums and the rim and provided at the back With a slot, and the said rim having perforations registering With the slot and adapted to be engaged by an instrument for rotating the rim.

10. A calculator including a casing having slots at its end portion and provided at the slots with evaluated scales, said casing being also provided at an intermediate point with an opening, rotary drums located at the opening, toothed Wheels connected with the drums and arranged adjacent the slots, and operating levers extending through the slots and having interiorly arranged means for engaging and actuating the said wheels and provided with exterior pointers movable over the scales. f u. j. j

l1. A calculator including a casing having slotsl at its end portion and provided at the slots with evaluated scales, said casingr being also provided at an intermediate point with an opening, a shaft or axle mounted in the casing, sleeves arranged in the shaft or axle, drums located at the opening and carried by the sleeves, toothed Wheels mounted in liuA sleeves adjacent the slots, and operating levers extending through the slots and having means for engaging and rotating the wheels and provided With pointers moving over the slots,

12. A calculator including a casing having slots at its end portion and provided at the slots with evaluated scales, said casing being also provided at an intermediate point with an opening, a shaft or axle mounted in the casing. .sleeves arranged in the shaft or axle. drums located at the opening and carried by the sleeves, toothed Wheels mounted in the sleeves adjacent the slots, operating levers extending through the slots and hav ing means for engaging and rotating the wheels and provided with pointers moving over the slots, and a central Wheel mounted on the shaft or axle between the drums and having a table carrying rim arranged over. and coperating with the drums.

13. A calculator including a casing having slots at its end portion and provided at the slots with evaluated scales, said casing being also provided at an intermediate point with an opening, a shaft or axle mounted in the casing, sleeves arranged in the shaft or axle, drums located at the opening and carried by the sleeves, toothed Wheels mounted in the sleeves adjacent the slots, operating leversl extending through the slots and havingl means for engaging and rotating the wheels and provided with pointers moving over the slots, a central Wheel mounted on the shaft or axle between the drums and having a table carrying rim arranged over and coperating with the drum, and coiled springs located at opposite sides of the central Wheel and yieldably holding the same.

14. A calculator including a casing having slots at its end portion and provided at the slots with evaluated scales, said casing being also provided at an intermediate point with an opening, a shaft or axle mounted in the easing7 sleeves arranged in the Shaft or axle, drums located at the opening and carried bythe sleeves, toothed wheels mounted on the sleeves adjacent the slots, and operating leversl extending through the slots Magid 4 having openings receiving the sleeves and provided with interiorly arranged teeth 'For engaging the wheels and having pointers movable over the scales.

15. A calculator including a casing having slots at its end portion and provided at the slots with evaluated scales, said casing being also provided at an interniediate point with an opening, a shaft or axle mounted in the casing, .sleeves arranged in the shaft or axle, drums located at the opening and carried by the sleeves, toothed wheels mounted on the sleeves adjacent the slots, operating levers extending through the slots and having openings receiving the sleeves and provided with interiorly arranged teeth for engaging the Wheels and having pointers movable over the scales, and springs mounted in the openings of the levers for normally holding the same out of engagement with the wheels and in engagement with the casing.

16. A calculator including a casing having slots at its end portion and provided at the slots with evaluated scales, said casing being also provided at an intermediate point with an opening, a shaft or axle mounted in the easing, Sleeves arranged in the shaft or axle, drums located at the opening and carried by the sleeves, toothed Wheels mounted on the sleeves adjacent the slots, operating levers extending through the slots and having openings receiving the sleeves and provided vvith interiorly arranged teeth for engaging the wheels and having pointers movable over the scales, and springs mounted in the openings of the levers for normally holding the same out of engagement with the wheels and in engagement with the casing, the latter having serrations or notches at the slots to engage with the levers.

17. A calculator of the class described, including a plurality of scales evaluated with reference to two variable characteristics, pointers eoperating with the scales and graduating means associated with the scales for indicating the amounts and proportions of the variable characteristics.

18. A calculator of the class described, including a plurality7 of scales evaluated with reference to two varia-ble characteristics, and graduated indicating means associated with the scales for indicating the amounts and proportions of the variable characteristics.

In testimony whereof I allix my signature.

ORVILLE MERTON KILE.

Copies nf this patent may be obtained tor ive centi each, by addressing the Commissioner ot Patenti, Washington, D. 0. 

